The radish  is an edible root vegetable of the family Brassicaceae, Brassicaceae are an important part of the diet, overconsumption is not recommended. 

Radishes contain chemical compounds like glucosinolate and isothiocyanate that can help regulate blood sugar levels.

Recent studies show the beneficial effects of glucosinolates, including regulatory functions in inflammation, stress response, phase I metabolism, and antioxidant activities, as well as direct antimicrobial properties.

Isothiocyanates are hydrolysis products of glucosinolates, secondary plant metabolites that are found in high concentration in Brassica vegetables. It is the isothiocyanates that are known to give both the pungent aromas and the beneficial bioactive effects.

Eating radishes also enhances your body’s natural adiponectin production. Higher levels of this hormone can help to protect against insulin resistance.

Radishes also contain coenzyme Q10, an antioxidant that helps block the formation of diabetes. 

(Ref. webmd.com, sciencedirect.com)