The pharmacological actions of fenugreek are attributed to diverse array of phytoconstituents (are chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants).

The phytochemical (compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals) analysis of fenugreek reveals the presence of:

Steroids – Natural Steroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic processes, including stress response, immune response, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and in the regulation of inflammation, and behavior. The uses are far outreach simply bulking up on muscle. Natural steroids can be used to increase certain enzymes a person’s body may have trouble creating naturally, such as testosterone, which is vital in the development in growing men.

Alkaloids – Alkaloids have diverse and important physiological effects on humans. 

Saponins – With regard to health-promoting effects, saponins are anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, cholesterol decreasing, immune modulating, as well as anti-inflammatory.

Polyphenols – It’s thought that polyphenols can improve or help treat digestion issues, weight management difficulties, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular diseases.

Flavonoids – Like other phytonutrients, flavonoids are powerful antioxidants with anti-inflammatory and immune system benefits. 

Lipids – Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons and make up the building blocks of the structure and function of living cells. Examples of lipids include fats, oils, waxes, certain vitamins (such as A, D, E and K), hormones and most of the cell membrane that is not made up of protein.

Carbohydrates – Carbohydrates are naturally occurring sugars, starches and fiber in food. All carbohydrates are made up of sugar molecules. Sugar molecules linked together form starches and fiber. In the body, starches and sugars are broken down in the digestive system to glucose.

Amino acids – When proteins are digested or broken down, amino acids are left. The human body uses amino acids to make proteins to help the body:
Break down food,
Grow,
Repair body tissue,
Perform many other body functions;
Is also used as a source of energy by the body.

Hydrocarbons – The green pigment called chlorophyll used for the preparation of food in plants consists of the aromatic hydrocarbons.

(Source of Information: onlinelibrary.wiley.com, ijpsr.com, sciencedirect.com, healthline.com, news-medical.net, medlineplus.gov & nbrienvis.nic.in)

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